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Red cells, white cells, and platelets, including hemoglobin and red-cell size (MCV, RDW).

A routine panel included in most checkups; several of its values are followed over time in general health.

Blood sugar, electrolytes, protein (including albumin), and kidney and liver values from one draw.

A routine chemistry panel that describes several organ systems at once; albumin is among the values commonly followed in general health.

A protein found on each cholesterol-carrying particle that can deposit in artery walls, so it effectively counts those particles.

Often discussed in cardiovascular prevention because it counts atherogenic particles directly; some clinicians prefer it to standard cholesterol for tracking.

A largely inherited cholesterol-carrying particle reported on some lipid panels.

Because the level is mostly genetic and fairly stable through life, it is usually measured once. It is commonly discussed in cardiovascular prevention.

Total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides from a single blood draw.

A routine starting point for cardiovascular prevention, available almost everywhere.

The blood sugar circulating after not eating, a routine metabolic test.

A widely available first look at how the body handles glucose.

Average blood sugar over roughly the past two to three months.

A routine summary of longer-term blood sugar, central to metabolic health.

Low levels of C-reactive protein, a liver-made protein that rises with inflammation.

Commonly grouped with cardiovascular assessment as a general inflammation marker.

The pressure in the arteries, reported as two numbers (systolic over diastolic) from a cuff.

One of the most commonly tracked numbers in cardiovascular and brain health, and measurable at home.

Bone mineral density, reported as a T-score against a young-adult reference, from a DEXA scan.

Bone density is commonly tracked with age; a baseline is often discussed earlier for some groups.

Body fat, lean (muscle) mass, and where fat is stored, including around the organs.

Muscle mass and fat distribution are commonly tracked for healthspan.

Cellar can store the result.

Overall muscle strength, from how hard you can squeeze a handheld gauge.

In population studies, lower grip strength is associated with frailty and shorter survival.

The most oxygen the body can use during hard exercise, a summary of cardiorespiratory fitness.

Higher measured fitness is associated with longer survival in large population studies.

How the thyroid is regulating metabolism, from the pituitary signal (TSH) and the thyroid hormones.

A routine panel that affects energy, weight, and many other systems.

Ferritin reflects the body's iron stores; iron studies describe how much iron is circulating and carried.

Commonly tracked for energy, exercise, and overall iron balance.

B vitamins used to make red blood cells and DNA and to keep nerves healthy.

Commonly checked, particularly with plant-based diets or as people age.

Vitamin D, made in the skin from sunlight and obtained from food.

Supports bone and immune function and is commonly tracked.

How well a range of sounds and pitches is heard, measured in a quiet booth or with a calibrated app.

Hearing is studied as a modifiable factor associated with cognitive decline in later life.

Sight and eye health, including pressure checks for conditions like glaucoma.

Vision is commonly tracked with age and is studied alongside cognitive and fall-related health.

A protein from the prostate gland, measured in the blood.

Commonly discussed for prostate cancer screening, usually as an individual decision often raised around age 45 to 50. Guidance emphasizes weighing benefits and harms.

A sample from the cervix checked for cell changes and, in many programs, for HPV.

Commonly discussed for cervical cancer screening, typically from around age 21 to 25.

Tests and intervals vary by country program.

An exam of the lining of the colon that can also remove growths.

Commonly discussed for colorectal cancer screening, often starting around age 45.

Screening ages and stool-test alternatives vary by country.

An X-ray of the breast used to look for early changes.

Commonly discussed for breast cancer screening, often starting around age 40.

Start ages and intervals vary by country and personal risk.

Continuous resting heart rate, heart-rate variability, sleep, and an estimated fitness level over time.

Useful as trends from a device over time. These are estimates, not laboratory measurements.

How well the kidneys filter blood, estimated from creatinine (eGFR) and sometimes cystatin C.

A routine organ check; cystatin C is sometimes added for a second estimate.

Enzymes that describe how the liver is doing.

Routine, and ALT in particular is commonly tracked in metabolic health.

A small amount of albumin in the urine, compared with creatinine, from a single urine sample.

Commonly paired with an eGFR blood test to describe kidney health; current kidney guidance uses the two together.